Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in Israel
Israel licenses financial asset service providers, treats crypto as an asset for tax, and has issued repeated guidance on banks servicing crypto-derived…
Published work
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in New Zealand
New Zealand applies existing financial services law rather than a bespoke crypto regime, with the FMA supervising and Inland Revenue treating crypto…
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in Ukraine
Ukraine passed a Law on Virtual Assets in 2022, but full effect was tied to tax code amendments, leaving the regime partly…
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in France
France built the PSAN registration regime under the AMF before MiCA, and now operates within the EU framework while retaining the AMF…
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in the Netherlands
The Netherlands ran a strict DNB registration regime for crypto service providers, now operating within the EU MiCA framework.
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia has no dedicated crypto licensing regime. Authorities have issued repeated cautions, while work on the underlying technology continues separately.
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in El Salvador
El Salvador adopted Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 and later built a digital assets regime under the CNAD. The legal-tender position…
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in Nigeria
The SEC has moved from restriction toward a licensing framework for digital asset platforms, after a period of banking-sector prohibition.
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in Argentina
Virtual asset service providers must register with the CNV. Adoption is high and driven substantially by currency conditions.
Jurisdiction
Crypto Rules in the Philippines
The central bank licenses Virtual Asset Service Providers; the SEC has jurisdiction where an offering is a security.